In brief
Putin's visit comes as Russia faces increasing isolation due to its actions in Ukraine, compelling him to reaffirm strong ties with India at a time when Modi is balancing Western diplomatic pressure. The countries aim to finalize multiple trade agreements, especially in defense and oil, while maintaining a 'special strategic partnership' that seeks to sidestep Western sanctions.
Russian President Vladimir Putin is starting a two-day visit to India, where he will meet Prime Minister Narendra Modi and attend an annual summit held by both countries.
Delhi and Moscow are expected to sign a number of deals during the visit, which comes months after the US increased pressure on India to stop buying Russian oil.
It also comes as US President Donald Trump's administration holds a series of talks with Russia and Ukraine in an attempt to end the war.
India and Russia have been close allies for decades and Putin and Modi share a warm relationship. Here's a look at why they both need each other - and what to watch for as they meet.
A special friendship, trade deals and geopolitics
Why are relations with India key for the Kremlin? Well, for a start, look at the numbers:
- A population of nearly a billion and a half.
- Economic growth exceeding 8%. India is the world's fastest growing major economy.
That makes it a hugely attractive market for Russian goods and resources - especially oil.
India is the world's third largest consumer of crude oil and has been buying large volumes from Russia. That wasn't always the case. Before the Kremlin's full-scale invasion of Ukraine, only 2.5% of India's oil imports were Russian. However, that figure jumped to 35% as India took advantage of Russian price discounts prompted by sanctions against Moscow.
For Moscow, weapons sales to India are another priority with reports suggesting India plans to purchase state-of-the-art Russian fighter jets and air defense systems.
Test of Modi's strategic autonomy
Putin's visit to Delhi is coming at a crucial time for Modi and India's global ambitions. Despite coming under intense pressure from Western governments to criticize Russia over its war in Ukraine, Modi maintained that dialogue was the only way to resolve the conflict.
This was India's strategic autonomy at play – balancing its ties with Russia while nurturing relations with the West.
Modi is keen to showcase that he counts Putin as an ally while also handling pressures from European nations calling for a stronger stance against Russia. The upcoming discussions between the two leaders will aim to solidify their partnership while ensuring it doesn't overshadow India’s negotiations with the US.
